❤️ Welcome to The Author's Playground
by Davene LG! 😊
Many a writer's journey includes discovering what it means to;
Market
Audio
Trailer
Script
Poem
Comic
Blog
Newsletter
and
Interview
their stories.
The Author's Playground endeavors to act as a checklist
and share a little insight into each step to aid anyone seeking to join the Writing Community.
💌 I look forward to hearing from you! 💌
P.s. Follow me on Instagram or Threads: DvAuthor for updates on my work, workouts, random thoughts, promos, and playlists.
The Author's Playground
Minuscule Step 1:
“There are at least six different tools to choose from when you decide to write a story;
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Writing with Pencil or Pen on Paper,
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Typing on a Typewriter, Computer, or Laptop,
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Recording on a Voice Recorder,
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Carving on Wax,
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Chiseling on Stone, and/or
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Painting on Canvas.
Of course there is also seven, Programming your A.I. to simultaneously Write, Edit, & Format your story for you using a Choose Your Own Adventure style template.”
The Sticky Note
Minuscule Step 2:
“To avoid Writer’s Block jot down a few key points on a sticky note;
1. The type of literature and age group
Decide if you are writing fiction, non-fiction, a novel, novella, poetry, etc.
Select an age group;
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#PB = Picture Books = Ages 3-8
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#CB = Chapter Books = Ages 6-10
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#C = Children’s Books = Ages 2-12
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#MG = Middle Grade = Ages 8-12
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#YA = Young Adult = Ages 12-18
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#NA = New Adult = Ages 18-25/30
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#Adult = Ages +18
2. The minimum and maximum total word count.
Often determined by the type of literature.
3. The main genre as well as any sub-genres.
For example:
Fairy tales are a sub-genre of Fantasy,
Space Operas are a sub-genre of Science Fiction,
& Paranormal stories are a sub-genre of Horror.
4. The size of your book and page layout.
The default size of a book is 6" x 9".
When using a program such as Microsoft Word for your page layout make sure you are using the most current version.
5. The setting or environment.
6. The main characters, side characters, & villains.
Include your characters' ages and basic descriptions such as hair, skin, and eye color, clothing style, and any unique markings, scars, or items.
7. A 25 word max pitch.
State what your main character needs to do in order to achieve their goal and what the consequences are if they do not achieve said goal.”
The Overview
Major Step 3:
“The Overview;
1. Decide on the Theme of your story.
Write approximately ten keywords and/or slogans containing the basic concept or message of your story.
2. Decide the titles and length of your chapters.
3,000-5,000 words for a novel.
3. Expand your Pitch into a promotional description of your book’s character and conflict that will serve as your back cover Blurb.
100-300 words max.
4. Expand your Blurb into a Synopsis, which unlike the Blurb should include the conclusion of your story.
500-1,000 words max, single-spaced.
Include;
your characters,
the plot (sequence of events),
and the narrative arc
(exposition or back story introduction,
rise in action or the build up of tension,
climax or most intense and main decisive event,
denouement or decrease in tension,
and resolution or the end).
5. Sketch a map of your world.
For the blueprint of your setting, whether a world view or inside a building, draw key landmarks and/or destinations your characters will travel to and the order in which they will travel.”
To Show or Tell
Step 4:
“Narration, dialogue, and show vs. tell;
1. Narration.
Select first (I), second (You), or third person (They) point-of-view, and decide if you want to break the fourth wall (I speaking directly to You).
If you are the narrator in your story then use your voice, but if the narrator is a character then use the voice of that particular character.
2. Dialogue.
Dialogue is about capturing a natural conversation that includes forward moving plot points and key details to the story.
Dialogue, generally speaking, should not attempt to exceed or replace narration.
When including narration around dialogue make it clear who is speaking, when and where, and when it comes to dialogue tags try to use 'said' [insert character's name] instead of an overuse of words ending on '-ed' or '-ly'.
Keep an eye on the language and dialect which each character uses that befits their beliefs, personality, culture, influences, and background.
Be mindful of contractions such as 'you're' instead of 'you are', and the consistency of their use throughout the story.
3. Show vs. Tell.
A story needs a balance of both show and tell.
If you wish to express the bullet point order in which events occurred then use 'telling'.
If you wish to convey the emotions and senses involved with regards to the events which took place or are taking place then use 'showing'.”
Try reducing the use of the following words in the narration of your manuscript ;
thing, very, just, afraid, was ,were, is, are, appear, seem, look, feel, felt, saw, smell, hear, watch, notice, realize, wonder, know, knew, walk, & had gone”
The First Hook
Step 5:
“Introduction;
1. The first line.
Use poetic language, a twist, an unexpected shock, beautiful imagery, or something different to hook the reader with your first line.
2. The first paragraph.
For a novel try and aim for about 3,000-5,000 words per chapter.
Each paragraph should in itself be a complete story.
Be mindful of how your paragraphs fit within your main story's narrative arc and your story's overall theme.
3. The first pages.
Keep an eye on how your characters' arcs grow and change throughout your story.
The first pages of a story should generally avoid info-dumping all the characters' details and back-story.
An exciting story will typically start in the middle of an action scene, whether that means fixing a satellite in space, characters' finding themselves in the middle of a battlefield, or hair-styling drama in a salon.
Often the advice is to avoid starting a story with a character waking up from sleep unless of course it is truly vital to the story you are writing.
4. Prologue?
To prologue or not to prologue,
To start with a back-story or flashback, or with the present moment or an action scene?
The answer is in the pacing and page-turning.”
Tense Suspense
Step 6:
“Between the Introduction and Climax;
1. Build up.
Your characters are no longer sharing who they are, why they exist, and what their goal is.
Your characters are on the journey heading toward the final battle scene.
The moment before 'The Climax' is a great opportunity to show your characters collecting items and/or people needed to achieve their goal, adding in potential plot twists, and showing your characters overcoming obstacles to achieve their goal or goals.
2. Tension.
Tension can exist between characters and their environment.
If the key to tension is inducing anxiety, the key to suspense is every day life; creating a non-fiction cake, coated in fiction-frosting.
3. Suspense.
A suspenseful story doesn't have to include shock and horror, but it does need to grip your readers. One method is to create a character and situation that the reader cares about. It's difficult to care about a character that's bullet proof. To keep your readers invested in your characters give them a weakness, and those elements which make a character human and relatable.”
The Climax
Step 7:
“The Climax;
1. Tension Supreme.
Your characters are no longer traveling about to figure out the solution to their problem. Your characters are fighting the epic battle of the century, or marrying the person they were dating...or both.
The characters' battle to achieve their goals reveals their true heart, as well as their responses after their climactic win or loss.”
The Denouement
Step 8:
“The Denouement;
1. Tension Reduction.
Your characters are no longer trying to solve their original problem, final solutions, and face off against the final boss. Your characters are now facing the aftermath of the main event, and might be found bandaged up and chilling in the local tavern.”
The Resolution
Step 9:
“The Resolution;
1. The End.
Your characters are no longer dealing with the aftermath. Your characters have reached their final destination, they are home, in a new location, or perhaps dead.
You might include a cliffhanger or hint at the potential for a series, but the story for your work-in-progress has concluded and can be considered a completed first draft.
The five step formula from start to end is a basic story structure, which more seasoned authors or the writing prodigies know how to alter and change without compromising their storytelling. First master the formula and the world of writing will present a multitude of opportunities for you, or wing it and create a new winning formula.”
The Second Draft
Step 10:
“Round Two;
1. Alpha Readers.
After reading through your first draft, prepare your second draft (your rough MS or Manuscript) for your Alpha Readers. Alpha Readers can be anyone, and should preferably view your manuscript from a reader's and writer's perspective.
2. Critique Partners.
After your Alpha Readers provide some initial feedback then revise your manuscript, and send your third draft to your critique partners who are there to provide you with feedback from a fellow writer's perspective.
3. Feedback.
If you do not have Alpha Readers or Critique Partners then work on building up connections within the writing community, whether on a social media platform, in a local café, bookstore, or library. When reading feedback about your work keep in mind that all art is subjective.”
Words Ending In...
Step 11:
“Trimming Words;
1. Certain Adverbs.
Do your best to avoid writing too many words that end in -ly. Often reducing or trimming certain adverbs will help increase the quality of your writing.
2. But And.
If possible avoid starting sentences with 'but' or 'and'. Note that this is a style of writing, and not a best fit for every writer or every book.
3. Gerunds and Certain Participles.
To increase the quality of your writing try to avoid starting sentences with words ending on '-ed' or '-ing'. Once again, similar to most of the writing to marketing tips given in my The Author's Playground, this is a style of writing and not a best fit for every writer or every book.”
Professional Editors
Step 30:
“Editors;
1. Professional Edits.
After a writer edits their work and receives feedback from beta readers, it is time to send their manuscript to a professional Editor. There are different types of Editors who will focus on different parts of a manuscript. Personally, I find it useful to request the help of a Professional Editor that focuses on grammar, punctuation, and spelling.
(If a manuscript goes through drastic edits and changes to the story itself then the manuscript may need another round of beta readers and professional Editors before completing the formatting stage. Thought tedious, it does not hurt to run through the steps of editing again as accidental changes can be made during the incorporating of feedback. Make sure to save each draft as a new file name and hold off on saving the file name under the title 'Final' until the manuscript has entered the publishing stage.)”
Beta Readers
Step 29:
“The Team;
1. Beta Readers.
Whether a paid professional or volunteering to read your story, beta readers are essential. Beta readers not only test the readability of a manuscript but also its marketability. Beta readers that provide writers with constructive criticism can help ensure that standards are met in terms of book quality, which serves the writer as well as the writing community.
(Building up a strong network of beta readers can be a challenge, but it is worth the time and effort. A few red flags for writers to watch out for; beta readers that plagiarize, give criticism rather than constructive feedback, and/or only provide positive feedback. A few red flags for beta readers to watch out for; authors that ignore feedback, attack the feedback given, and/or assume any reviews given after publication will somehow automatically be better than the feedback given by a beta reader during the editing stage. Equally respectful writers and beta readers, working together, can create unforgettable stories.)”
Visual Style & Friendly Font
Step 28:
“Style & Font;
1. Visual Style.
More of a formatting necessity, but it does not hurt for a writer to check during the editing stage that the manuscript visually looks and overall fits the theme of the book.
(Keep an eye on font choices, font sizes, title and subtitle placement, consistency regarding paragraph spacing, and the resolution of any artwork included to better illustrate the story.)
2. Friendly Font.
Different fonts work for Kindle vs. Paperback, for example. The same fonts can be used for both Kindle and Paperback if the artistic font is in an image form, but the resolution must be of a high enough quality.
(Keep in mind that even though images might give the right look, it is unlikely that text on an image will be read by a screen reader.)”
Cliché
Step 18:
“Boredom;
1. Cliché.
Deja vu can prove useful to add to a story, and can contribute to some good humor. However, clichés and common tropes are sentences, ideas, and concepts that are overflowing the market and potentially boring readers. Even if a writer does use a cliché or trope, the story itself should be more of an original thought. For example, retellings can revitalize old legends if told in a new and exciting manner.
(Try coming up with new ways of sharing commonly known idioms such as 'kill two birds with one stone'. For example, if writing a cyberpunk story one can use 'kill two laptops with one virus' or if writing a fantasy story 'kill two werewolves with one silver bullet').”
Mixed Dialect (🇺🇸 & 🇬🇧)
Step 12:
“Mixed Dialect;
1. Spelling.
Pay attention to whether you are using British English or American English spelling. For those who write in a mixture of British and American English, select which market you wish to focus selling your book to first before deciding on the spelling to use consistently throughout your book.
2. Narration vs. Dialogue.
Your narration should be written consistently in either British or American English, however your dialogue depends on your character's background. Your character's thoughts, often written in Italics, should be written in the same dialect as your character's dialogue.
3. Languages.
If you choose to write using multiple existing languages, or a new language that you created, it can be useful for the reader if you provide the translation, transcription, and/or transliteration form of each word, and/or that you provide a glossary at the back of your book.”
Overuse, Repetition, & Trimming
Step 13:
“Word Count Reduction;
1. Overuse.
Remove or change those words that are overused throughout your book. If you have written a story which includes profanity, make sure the same swear words are not overused, and that the placement accentuates the narration and/or dialogue and does not replace it.
2. Repetition.
Read through and make sure you have not written the same word consecutively, (unless done so intentionally, for example if your character stutters) .
3. Trim.
Trim as much fluff and unnecessary language as possible. If you are skipping over certain words, sentences, paragraphs, and even pages during a read-through then that typically is a good indication a trim may be required. You should be able to read through your story over fifty times and be as entertained as when you first wrote and read your story.”
Sensitivity Read
Step 14:
“Triggers;
1. Politically Correct.
A highly debated topic, and for many a personal choice to use or avoid politically correct words.
(When working with a group, especially in an anthology, Lead Writers and the group of Writers involved should be in communication amd agreement of the terms used.)
2. Awareness.
Even if a writer chooses not to use politically correct wording, it's beneficial to listen and especially hear what different groups require and appreciate reading, that way a stronger, better, and more respectful global community can be created for readers and writers alike.
3. Trigger Warnings.
Keep track of any potential triggers or parts of your story which might cause your readers to relive a traumatic experience. Another topic of debate, it is up to the writer to decide whether to provide a list of trigger warnings in their book, on the description page, or for example on their author website.”
World-Building & Setting
Step 15:
“Build & Set;
1. World Building.
When building your world for your story keep in mind the cultures, traditions, religions, architecture, and environment surrounding your characters as well as their every day lives. Be aware that if you have built an entire new world but use for example religions of our existing real world it can break the fantasy elements of your story. Also, more work goes into developing a new world than might be required when writing descriptions of your creation.
2. Setting.
When setting a scene be conscious of the details vital to your story and remove those details which neither add to your story nor aid in producing the correct imagery.”
Realism vs. Surrealism
Step 16:
“Real vs. Not Real;
1. Realistic vs. Realism.
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Realistic worlds accurately portray people and events.
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Realism focuses on facts and rejects the impractical.
Even when writing fiction it is important to make your world feel real, whether that means adhering to a certain set of rules or allowing your readers to connect on some human level with your aliens, superheroes, or monstrous creatures.
2. Magical Realism vs. Surrealism.
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Magical Realism involves worlds set in realistic settings.
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Surrealism involves worlds which are dream-like.
Stories involving the unreal can be strengthened by making sure the mental links to something recognizable are clear and easy to follow.
(Your world, your rules, but try to add logic behind each rule, which can later be used as the foundation for a lore book.)”
Stakes
Step 18:
“Consequences of failure;
1. Stakes.
What does your character stand to lose if they fail their mission or are unable to achieve their goal? The answer need not be a world or globe ending phenomenon, but more intimate and personal to the main character. The best goal will speak to your reader, make them fear whether the main character wins or loses in their battle, and make them question how they would feel in a similar situation.
(A lot more emotion can be found behind the feeling of failure to properly care for a loved one that has given their life for you than failing to protect an entire world. A world of people that likely would not respond well to someone having a 'savior' complex.)”
Grammar & Capitalization
Step 23:
“Literary Rules;
1. Grammar.
There are basic rules in language and literature, which followed, allow for better communication across the globe. Even swearing has correct usage and placement, for example, one would write "I don't give a damn" as opposed to "I don't a damn give." It's possible a character might dialogue speak in such a way or say for example, "It's a damn I don't give", but it's helpful for readers when at least the narration adheres to basic grammar rules and structure.
(Generally speaking, the easier a writer makes it for readers to read a story, the more likely readers are to enjoy reading and become fans.)
2. Capitalization.
Double check the capitalization of pronouns, and that there are no similar sounding words used instead of the intended word and correct meaning. For example, 'there is an apple", and not "their is an apple.
(When using a screen reader, spell out the words with spaces between each letter to double check the spelling of a word.)”
Flow & Pacing
Step 19:
“Pace Your Flow;
1. Flow.
A story with good flow will often be a page-turner that holds the reader's interest. If a reader has to stop and look up a word, cannot follow what is happening, or simply loses interest then the story lacks flow. Perfect flow allows a reader to become so consumed with a writer's story that they lose track of time. Aim to engross readers and leave them wanting more.
2. Pacing.
Flow and pacing are quite similar, but pacing tends to focus more on placement and timing within a story. Authors who write a combination of short and long sentences, depending on whether they wish to build suspense or allow the mind to drift, are literary composers. The words become almost musical, and the right combination can transport a reader to another time and place.”
Writing Style
Step 20:
“Style With Flair;
1. Writing Style.
A person's writing style is specific to their personality, background, experience, skill level, and uniqueness. Each person, as they write, develops a formula or manner of writing befitting their voice and beliefs. Styles may be similar, but generally speaking no two styles of writing should be exactly the same.”
Consistencies
Step 22:
“Consistency & Names;
1. Consistencies.
A writer's manuscript should be consistent in choice of dialect, spelling, style, voice, world-building rules, and names (as well as spelling) of characters, landmarks, creatures, and places.
(When writing 'don't' in narration or if a particular character uses 'don't' in their dialogue, make sure not to uncharacteristically switch to 'do not'.)
2. Names.
Be consistent in the use and spelling of nicknames as well as names. Also, when coming up with names the shorter the easier to remember. If you have a name over three syllables try to use nicknames to make it easier for your reader's to remember.
(Try to ensure that the starting letter of characters' names are not all the same. For example, if there are three characters and their names are Joshua, Josh, and Joe, it can be difficult for reader's to follow along, especially if the characters have similar personalities. It can also be tough for reader's to keep track when a hero and villain have similar names such as Ren and Ron.)”
Punctuation, Commas, & Quotations
Step 24:
“Dots & Lines;
1. Punctuation.
The incorrect use of punctuation or missing punctuation can aggravate a reader. An overuse of exclamation marks does little for a story and em-dashes (whether a writer is for or against their use) should be used correctly and as sparingly as one would with commas.
(Make sure every em-dash is the correct length and consistently the same length throughout the manuscript.)
2. Commas.
A writer needs to avoid the overuse of commas no matter how tempting it may be to decorate a manuscript with them. Also, watch out that every comma is the same font throughout a manuscript. When zooming in on a Word Document one can check wether the comma is a straight line or has a slight curve.
(The Oxford Comma is highly debated in its use. Personally, I find the Oxford Comma adds clarity, but whether for or against, a writer should be consistent in using or not using the Oxford Comma throughout their manuscript.)
3. Quotations.
Once again, watch out that every single and double quotation is consistently either a straight line or has a slight curve throughout a manuscript.
(There are instances where one might use slight curly curved quotations, but now and then a straight line quation is required. If uncertain check with a Professional Editor on the correct use and placement for straight vs. curly commas and quotations.)”
Extra Spaces & Head Hopping
Step 25:
“The Hidden;
1. Extra Spaces.
Be kind to your readers and editors. Pay attention to the use of extra spaces between letters, words, and after punctuation. Select the paragraph mark ¶ sign, zoom in, and remove the extra spaces and any space forced indents.
(More of a formatting tip, but to indent your paragraphs properly use the correct settings under Paragraphs > Indentation and Spacing.)
2. Head Hopping.
Remove head hopping when writing in third person.
(Generally speaking, unless a writer is working on a memoir or an auto-biography, the main character would not know or speak about those details that only the writer could possibly know about.)”
Text Reader, Synonyms, & Clarity
Step 26:
“Clear As Crystal;
1. Text Reader.
Audio or any other sensory available method is a great way for a writer to double check their writing and manuscript. The more senses a writer can engage the better.
2. Synonyms.
Sometimes a better word exists than the one used, but careful not to lose the meaning befitting the story when looking up variations.
(Write as if a thesauruses and the internet do not exist.)
3. Clarity.
A full read-through after a major edit helps given a lot can get lost and shifted during countless edits and with multiple drafts.”
Text Color
Step 27:
“Text;
1. Text Color.
The use of color to highlight, color code, and use track changes can be immensely helpful for writers.
(After editing a manuscript, even if the text appears black and without any highlights, it helps to select all of the text and choose the correct color as well as no highlights.)”
Voice
Step 21:
“You;
1. Voice.
To find, write, and maintain one's voice takes practice. A writer elevates their story when they can write from their characters' perspective as an actor or actress does when they portray a specific character for their audience.
(A writer loses track when they assume the identity of their characters and/or uses their characters to preach their personal beliefs in a manner that does not and would not fit their character's background and personality.)”
Basic Format
Step 31:
“Versions;
1. Kindle.
The formatting for your Kindle Version will differ to that of a Paperback and Hardcover.
2. Paperback.
Make sure to save separate Word Documents for your Kindle, Paperback, and Hardcover Versions.
(Also, make sure to save the fully formatted versions as PDFs as well.)”
Page Layout
Step 32:
“Layout (typically the same for Kindle & Paperback);
1. Orientation.
The most common selected orientation would be Portrait. Landscape works well for children's illustration books.
2. Size.
Check out the book sizes in your genre, and select the best fit for your book. The smaller the size, the thicker the book, but the larger the seize, the tougher it will be to carry.
Make sure to check the size availability on Amazon before choosing the paper size of your pages.
3. Margins.
If you are struggling to set your margins, plug in the following numbers into your Word Document.
For Portrait, Page Size 5.5" x 8.5"
Under Layout > Section, Section Start: New Page
Under Layout > Headers & Footers:
Select Different First Page
Header & Footer: 0.3"
Under Layout > Page, Vertical Alignment: Top
Apply To: This Section
Under Margins > Margins
Top: 0.88"
Bottom, Left, & Right: 0.5"
Gutter: 0.13"
Gutter Position: Left
Under Margins > Pages, Multiple Pages: Normal
Apply To: This Section
You can start here and adjust as needed for your page size.”
Headers & Footers
Step 33:
“Heads & Tails;
1. Headers.
Always start with Headers before attempting Footers/Page Numbers!
Headers should not start on the first page of your book, but rather on the first page of your story.
If switching between different Headers (such as Book Title and Author Name) make sure to select Different Odd and Even Pages, and unselect Different First Page.
For the page with the Book Title Header, unselect the Link to Previous, then type in the Book Title before going to the next page.
For the Author Name Header, unselect the Link to Previous, then type in the Author Name before going to the next page.
For a page where you do not want a Header, first unselect Link to Previous, and then select Remove Header.
(There should be no Headers on your Kindle, only Paperback and Hardcover)
2. Footers/Page Numbers.
Footers should include page numbers and start on the first page of your story. Ensure the previous page has a page break and section break otherwise the numbers will follow the previous page.
On the pages you do Not wish to show page numbers;
Select Page Number > unselect Show Number On First Page
On the pages you Do wish to show page numbers;
Select Format Page Number > Start at: (fill in the page number, and don't forget to count the pages that are not numbered in between.)
When working with empty pages in between pages numbered;
On the Empty Page click on the Header Section and make sure the Different First Page is ticked so that no page numbers appear on that page.
On the Non-Empty Page click on the text or center of the page and then select Insert > Page Numbers.
If you prefer your page numbers centered then select Center, make sure to tick Show Number On First Page, and then go to Format > Start At [fill in the page number you want to continue from].
Make sure to start at page one and systematically work your way to the last page rather than jumping from one section to another of your manuscript.
The easiest is to center your page numbers, but you can also select your page numbers to appear on the left and right side of the page. Make sure the page numbers are outward, away from the book binding side of your work.
If you have finished working with your Headers & Page Numbers and come across a page with a missing Page Number then do the following:
Unselect Link to Previous, then go to Insert Page Number, select Center (if centering your page numbers), and fill in the number it should say on the missing number page. Highlight the number, select the font and size.
If doing the above command results in a page number appearing on a prior empty page with no Headers & Footers/Page Numbers, then to remove the page number make sure the missing Page Number is not Linked to Previous before selecting Remove Footer on the empty page. Also, not always required but it might help to make sure the empty page has Linked to Previous as selected.
(There should be no Page Numbers on your Kindle, only Paperback and Hardcover).”
Indents
Step 34:
“No Space Bar;
1. Indents.
Without pressing the space bar or tab key, go to
Format > Paragraph > Indentation
Left: 0.25"
Special: First Line, By: 0.25"
2. Spacing.
For a Novel, spacing at 1.15" between paragraphs works well.”
Breaks
Step 35:
“Breaks Between Pages;
1. Page Breaks.
A useful means to keep all you want on a page on that specific page without jumping to the next page.
2. Section Break.
You can use both Page Breaks and Section Breaks at the bottom of a page, however Section Breaks helps more with page numbering.”
First Few Pages
Step 36:
“Start Before The Start;
1. Title Page.
Typically includes the Book Title (and Subtitle), perhaps some fancy art or symbol, and the author(s) name(s).
2. Copyright Page.
Should include the Book Title (and Subtitle), © symbol infant of the published year and then author(s) name. An 'all rights reserved' paragraph, a permission contact email, A 'this is fiction' paragraph for Fiction paragraph, credit mention to any Editors and Book Cover and/or Illustration Artists, the ISBN number (for paperbacks and Not added on Kindle version), and what number Edition the book is (if unpublished and published again then it would 'Second Edition' for example, followed by the month and year of the publication).
3. Empty Page.
Depending on your page numbering, an empty page should be included before and after your Dedication page.
Although some authors prefer to add an Acknowledgements page at the end of their book instead of before the start.
4. Table of Contents Page.
Make sure the page numbers and Titles in your Table of Contents correspond to those in your book, and for Kindle do your best to add hyperlinks to your Titles.
There should be an empty page before an after your Table of Contents page regardless of whether or not you have a Dedications page at the start. Make sure not to have double empty pages one after the other or you could end up paying for a blank section in your book.
5. Kindle Pages.
No empty pages needed for your Kindle version.
6. The Paperback or Hardcover to Kindle Switch.
Once all the formatting is complete and you are ready for the Switch, make sure to save backups of each stage (esp. when working with Headers & Footers) in case you need to revert back to a previous file.
For your Kindle file, remove all the Headers, Footers, and Page Numbers.
Next Remove the empty pages.
If you have a Glossary page, remove the page numbers from the Glossary.
Also, remove the Page Numbers from the Table of Contents page and perhaps center the Titles before creating Hyperlinks for each Chapter Title.”
Hyperlinks
Step 37:
“Beam Me;
1. Table of Contents Hyperlinks
For those using Word Document, creating hyperlinks for your Kindle is quick and easy once you get the hang of it.
First select Insert and then Links and Bookmark. Under Bookmark add your Table of Contents headings names one at a time. Next go to the first Title in your document, highlight and select hyperlink. Select 'This Document' (to the right of 'Web Page or File') and press the arrow next to 'Bookmarks' then scroll down and select the Book Title that corresponds with the Title you highlighted in your document. The result should be an underlined Title in your Table of Contents and the ability to click on the Title and it send you to the corresponding Title in your document. Do the same for each Title in your Table of Contents. I highly recommend only doing this step when you are certain you will no longer be making any changes to your Table of Contents, document's Titles, and page numbers.
A few extra tips. Do not bookmark the Chapter Titles on your Table of Contents page and then hyperlink each Chapter Title. You need to highlight the Chapter Title and fill in a one word description as the bookmark of that Chapter Title before heading to the Table of Contents page and hyperlinking each Title there to its corresponding Chapter Title.
(Click on each hyperlink to make sure it works.)”
Drop Caps
Step 38:
“Cap On;
1. Drop Caps
If you wish to add a touch of style to the first letter of your manuscript and every first letter of each chapter then Drop Caps are the best!
Select Insert and then Drop Caps after highlighting the letter you wish to alter. Keep in mind that certain fonts, esp. cursive don't always work as well with Drop Caps.
A lot of the formatting comes down to Drop Caps options, which when selected will ask you the Font, Lines to Drop, and Distance from Text.
I find Lines to Drop: 2 and Distance from Text: 0.05" works well, however you may wish for your Drop Caps to increase in size so that its length runs down 3 or more lines vertically and perhaps you wish more distance between your Drop Capped letter and the rest of your document or manuscript's text.”
New Paragraphs
Step 39:
“Enter Key;
1. Another New Paragraph
If you grew up like me with the rule of four sentences per paragraph then this step is absolutely for you.
When writing your manuscript keep an eye out that each paragraph centers around one topic, character, and/or line of dialogue.
Personally, I try to cap my paragraphs at no less than two sentences and no more than five sentences each.
No matter the parameters you decide on, be consistent throughout your manuscript and avoid run-on sentences.”
Align Left or Justify
Step 40:
“Align or Justify;
1. Justified
Justifying your manuscript so that the words start at the same point on the left and end at the same point on the right would be the industry standard.
However, great caution must be taken to make sure that the ends of each sentence don't spread out with huge gabs between each of the words.
2. Align Left
Setting your margin and aligning your text to the left means that while each sentence on the left forms a straight vertical line, the right side will look jagged.
Even though this option might not be the most aesthetically pleasing it can be a huge relief to those who are dyslexic, for example.”
The End & Extras
Step 45:
“The End & Then The Extras;
1. The End
The End of your manuscript may include at least one or three blank pages to allow for space before the book's back cover.
2. The Extras
If you haven't included an Epilogue then you can use the blank pages at the back of your book to share the first chapter of your next book (whether you're writing a series or have a different manuscript already edited and fully prepped for publishing).
A couple acknowledgement pages can also be included esp. if you wish to separate out a short dedication versus a longer thank you note to your supporters and readers. The acknowledgements should come before the Epilogue or Extra Chapter(s).
Another great extra to add would be information on all your already published books and where to find them, as well as a link ( with a hyperlink included in your Kindle version) to your Newsletter where readers can subscribe and learn more about you as the Author.”
Prologues & Epilogues
Step 44:
“Pre-Starts & Post-Ends;
1. Prologues
A Prologue comes before the main story starts and should be no more than five pages long.
If you're looking to publish traditionally then it's often recommended to avoid writing a prologue.
2. Epilogues
A Epilogue comes after the main story has ended and should be no more than ten pages long.
If you're looking to publish traditionally then ask your Agent whether or not to include an Epilogue linking to the next book in your series or a second ending to your standalone.”
Extra Spaces
Step 43:
“Too Many Spaces;
1. Space Key
Zoom in to your manuscript, if using Word then select the pilcrow or paragraph mark ( ¶ ), and delete all extra spaces, especially those found around and after punctuation marks.
It's a Writer's pain, but deleting extra spaces makes for an Editor's and Reader's great delight.”
Asterisk or Hash Sign
Step 42:
“Paragraph Breaks;
1. Asterisks & Hashes
The * or # sign or a similar symbol often appears between two paragraphs to indicate a break.
For example, the end of a paragraph, an empty line, an asterisk centered, an empty line, and a new paragraph type of format can be used to indicate a change in point of view between two different main characters in a story.
A paragraph break can also be used to indicate the passing of a long period of time between one topic or scene and the next within a chapter. Once you've decided on which type of paragraph break you wish to use, use the same design consistently throughout your manuscript.”
Quotes & Apostrophes
Step 41:
“These Two Are Not The Same;
1. Quotes and Apostrophes
First and foremost make absolutely sure that you've used the correct " or ' for dialogue and ' for apostrophes, and not the other way around.
Second, zoom in to make sure that your quotes and apostrophes are consistent, and that you've used either all curved quotes and apostrophes or all straight line and not a mix.
Third, a change in fonts throughout a manuscript will alter whether quotes and apostrophes appear curved ( “ ” and ’ ) or straight (" " and ').”
Indie, Hybrid, or Traditional
Step 46:
“The 3 Main Different Paths;
1. Indie.
For this route you're going to need to choose a self-publishing book company such as Amazon, IngramSpark, or similar, and be prepared to do all of the self-marketing.
2. Hybrid.
For this route you will need to write a query letter and synopsis, and be prepared to do some self-marketing.
3. Traditional.
For this route you will also need to write a query letter and synopsis, and still be prepared to help out with marketing your works (through touring, book signings, and interviews for example).”
Book Title & Subtitle
Step 47:
“The Titles;
1. Title Availability.
Make sure before selecting a Title and/or Subtitle for your book that no book appears with the same name and genre when you look up the Title and/or Subtitle.
2. Title & Subtitle.
Keep in mind that a complicated Title and/or Subtitle can make it difficult for Readers to find or remember your book.
3. Kindle & Paperback.
The Title &/or Subtitle for your book should be the same whether publishing as a Kindle &/or Paperback version.”
Product Summary
Step 48:
“The Side Blurb;
1. What is this?
The description of your book, used to market your work in summary form or as a blurb, is vital for capturing Reader interest and making sales. No spoilers should be given, but rather keywords and solid reviews to entice a Reader to want to purchase your product.”
Copyright
Step 49:
“The Right to Publish;
1. Copyrights.
When publishing your book, especially when self-publishing, you need to make sure that you hold the rights to publish. For example, if you previously published your works online or with a publisher then your work may already be considered published and your contract may require a certain timeframe before you can self-publish.”
Age of Audience
Step 50:
“Reader Safety;
1. Audience.
It is extremely important to be clear and transparent when publishing your book about the ages of the audience that will enjoy your work. Keep in mind that certain content might not be suitable for those persons under 18-years-old. Children should not be subjected to text and images unsuitable for their years, regardless of the author's personal beliefs.”
Keywords
Step 51:
“A Search & Find;
1. Content.
Carefully selected words and phrases can aid search results so that Readers can better find your written works. Try not to use those key-words that have already been used in your book's title as well as subtitle, product summary, blurb, and main genre(s).”
Pre-Orders
Step 52:
“Product Promised;
1. Ordering Before Publishing.
Pre-Orders can be essential in raising awareness for your book before the book's official publishing release date. Pre-Orders promise a product will be available for Readers to consume on a given date. Trust between an Author & their Readers requires that this deadline and promise should be kept. Keep in mind that some platforms require one to three days before a published work becomes available online. If you intend for your book to be available on a Friday, for example, rather publish on Tuesday or Wednesday at the latest and announce the release date on Friday rather than publish on a Friday and have to delay the announcement to Sunday or Monday (depending on Time Zones).”
Categories
Step 53:
“Category;
1. Genres & Types.
It is vital to know the different genres your written work falls under and the type long before publishing. The category or genre could be Science Fiction, for example, and then more specifically a Space Opera or Steampunk sub-genre. The Type of book could be an anthology, novel, or novella for example.”
Manuscript & Book Cover
Step 53:
“The Book & Its Jacket;
1. The Final Published Book Version.
Make sure to have a finalized manuscript saved as a Word Document and as a PDF. The formatting and total page number of the Word Document will be necessary in figuring out the Book Cover. A JPG file of your Book Cover is recommended for publishing.”
A.I.
Step 54:
“Robot Tools;
1. A.I. Generation.
You must specify if you have used Artificially Intelligent tools in the creation of your works, whether it was for your writing, art, or book cover.”
The International Standard Book Number
Step 55:
“ISBN;
1. Kindle & Paperback.
Do not place your Paperback's ISBN number on your Kindle version, whether on the cover or listed on the inside of the book. The Paperback's ISBN number is only meant to be used for your Paperback and the one specific Paperback assigned its personal specific number. An ISBN number used for one Paperback book should not be used again for another book regardless if the version is a Kindle, Paperback, Hardcover, or an Audiobook.”